CASE STUDY - CITY OF PORTLAND, OR
CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
Portland is the largest and most populous city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Multnomah County. It is a major port in the Willamette Valley region of the Pacific Northwest, at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in Northwestern Oregon. As of 2019, Portland had an estimated population of 654,741, making it the 26th most populated city in the United States, the sixth-most populous on the West Coast, and the second-most populous in the Pacific Northwest after Seattle. About 2.4 million people live in the Portland metropolitan statistical area (MSA), making it the 25th most populous in the United States. Its combined statistical area (CSA) ranks 19th-largest with a population of around 3.2 million. About 60% of Oregon's population resides within the Portland metropolitan area.
Click on the image for a larger version of this map on Google Earth.
The City of Portland has taken significant steps to limit the negative effects of invasive species. In November 2005, the Portland City Council adopted Order 36360, which required the city to develop a three-year work plan and 10 year goals to integrate invasive plant management into existing city programs and reduce invasive plant coverage in Portland. The city’s response was the Invasive Plant Strategy, developed in October 2008 and administered by the Environmental Services Invasive Species Program. In 2019, Invasives 2.0 was produced, an all-taxa invasive species plan for the city.
Note: The information included below is a summary of a detailed analysis (see pages 96-109).
MAJOR ESTIMATED PATHWAYS OF AIS INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY OF PORTLAND
PATHWAY - AVIATION
SUB-PATHWAY
RESPONSIBLE CITY/COUNTY DEPT.
STATE LAW/REGULATION
LOCAL AUTHORITY
RECOMMENDATION
Planes/Helicopters
Seaplanes
Bureau of Planning
Port of Portland
LCDC Airport Planning Rule
State seaplane and invasive species laws
LCDC Airport Planning Rule
State seaplane and invasive species laws
Consider applying to State Aviation Board for seaplane regulations.
Consider amending Portland International Airport Rules to address invasive risks.
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PATHWAY - WATER
SUB-PATHWAY
RESPONSIBLE CITY/COUNTY DEPT.
STATE LAW/REGULATION
LOCAL AUTHORITY
RECOMMENDATION
Bureau of Parks and Recreation
Port of Portland
Hull/surface Fouling
State AIS laws re: shipbreaking and watercraft inspections
State pesticide law re: marine antifouling paints
Marine Terminal Operations Ordinance 426-R
Parks and Recreational Dock and Boat Ramp Rules (PRK-1.17)
Require underwater hull cleaners to following best management practices.
Add provisions addressing invasive species risk to Parks and Recreation rules.
Ballast Water
Portland Fire and Rescue (Harbor Master)
Port of Portland
State ballast water management law (Or. Rev. Stat. Ann. §§ 783.620 – 783.640)
State statutes and regulations are silent. Local authority may be preempted due to comprehensive nature of the state law. DEQ regulations state that “DEQ or its agent is authorized to board and inspect vessel…”
Consider desirability of City officials, such as harbor master, becoming authorized agents to conduct ballast water inspections at City ports and harbors.
Dredged Material
Port of Portland
Removal-Fill Law
Solid and Hazardous Waste Rules
Prohibition on dredging near power mains.
Consider enacting an ordinance regulating placement of dredged material.
Consider amending zoning code to provide authority to review dredging projects.
Live Bait
Bureau of Parks and Recreation
ODFW regulation re: nonnative wildlife; OARD regulation re: pest and disease control
State statutes and regulations silent. Cities have broad home rule authority to address local affairs. Local peace officers have authority to enforce state wildlife laws.
Add provision to Parks and Recreation Code 20.12.150 addressing use of live bait (e.g., limited use to species on state and city approved lists).
PATHWAY - LAND
SUB-PATHWAY
RESPONSIBLE CITY/COUNTY DEPT.
STATE LAW/REGULATION
LOCAL AUTHORITY
RECOMMENDATION
Cars, Buses, Trucks, ATVs, Recreational Boat Trailers
State noxious weed, non-native wildlife, and aquatic invasive species laws
Consider adopting city ordinances requiring use of BMPs when transporting vehicles and equipment.
Consider adopting a Parks and Recreation invasive species policy.
Portland City Code Ch. 16
Bureau of Transportation
Bureau of Parks and Recreation
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PATHWAY - LAND
SUB-PATHWAY
RESPONSIBLE CITY/COUNTY DEPT.
STATE LAW/REGULATION
LOCAL AUTHORITY
RECOMMENDATION
Plant Parts
Bureau of Planning and Sustainability
Weed Control Law
Portland Plant List
Restrict sale of noxious weeds and seeds in city ordinance.
Require plant sellers to notify customers about planting restrictions and state laws regarding release.
Portland City Code Title 13
Portland Zoning Code
Live Food Animals
ODFW Prohibited, Controlled Species List
Livestock import permits
ODFW rules re: propagation of wildlife
Bureau of Planning
Multnomah County Health Department
Consider amending city ordinances to incorporate “Invasive Animal Lists”